Virus Prevention
Protecting our vulnerable little ones
The more premature a baby is born, the more vulnerable it is to infection. Its lungs are less developed, and unlike a full-term baby, its immune system has not benefited from the transfer of antibodies from the placenta during the third trimester of pregnancy.
As a result, premature infants are more at risk of contracting certain viruses and common winter illnesses such as the cold, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and so on. Fortunately, infections can be prevented by vaccination and small everyday gestures.
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Common Winter Illnesses
How are infections transmitted?
The germs that cause infections are everywhere (toys, floors, doorknobs, etc.). They can also be found in the nose, mouth, stools, or skin, and animals can carry them.
These germs are often transmitted by hand, through contact with saliva, secretions (kissing, sneezing), or contaminated surfaces and objects.
What are the symptoms to look out for?
Some symptoms, from colds to bronchiolitis, flu to RSV, can look very similar. However, there are important distinctions to observe in your baby to determine how to relieve him or her and whether his or her condition requires medical attention. Our Common Winter Illnesses brochure detailed these signs and symptoms.
What can you do to help your child?
There are many ways to relieve your little ones' symptoms when they come down with a cold, bronchiolitis, RSV, flu, etc. Generally speaking, it's essential to keep your baby well-hydrated. If your baby has a fever, limit the clothing and blankets he wears so he doesn't get too hot. You can give him acetaminophen or liquid ibuprofen if he's over 6 months old. Be sure to read the label carefully, and check with your pharmacist for the correct dose for your baby's age and weight.
Please refer to this brochure to read our virus-specific advice and find out when to consult a doctor.
Vaccination, the Best Protection
Premature babies are more vulnerable to infections
As opposed to full-term babies, premature babies do not benefit from the transfer of antibodies from the placenta during the third trimester of pregnancy. For optimum protection against viruses and diseases, premature babies should be vaccinated by the Quebec Immunization Program (which also applies to full-term babies) and the recommendations specific to their medical condition.
The first vaccine is due at 8 weeks of age (calculated from birth, not the expected delivery date).
Vaccines stimulate your child's immune system.
Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec
Regular vaccination schedule for children
Specific recommendations for premature babies
Specific recommendations for premature babies
Clinically stable premature babies should be vaccinated according to the regular childhood vaccination schedule. Remember: since the immune response varies according to age after birth and not gestational age, the age for receiving vaccines is calculated from birth.
Specific recommendations for premature babies
Specific recommendations for premature babies
Specific recommendations for premature babies
In addition to the vaccines in the childhood immunization schedule, some additional doses are recommended for premature babies. This protocol is explained to families before the baby is discharged from the hospital (find out more about the EMMIE Program) and aims to provide premature babies with better protection against the risk of infections (viruses and diseases).
Tips to reduce vaccine pain and anxiety
Specific recommendations for premature babies
Tips to reduce vaccine pain and anxiety
Most vaccines are administered with a needle, which can be frightening for children and parents. The good news is that it is possible to reduce children's pain and anxiety before and during vaccinations! Check out these tips to make your child's vaccination experience more positive.
Other helpful information about vaccination
Vaccination for parents of premature babies
Parents of premature babies should also check their immunization history with their healthcare provider to reduce the risk of transmitting infections at home. If you have any questions about vaccination, don't hesitate to talk to a healthcare professional or visit this page.
Myths and beliefs on the risks of vaccination
In addition to being effective, vaccines are very safe. All children should receive the recommended vaccinations, even if they are breast-fed and have a healthy diet. Are you sceptical or hesitant about vaccination? See this list of scientifically proven facts!
EMMIE Program
The EMMIE Program is a provincial vaccination promotion program based on Motivational Maternity Interviewing for Child Immunization. It encourages positive attitudes towards vaccination and compliance with the recommended vaccination schedule. Participation in the program is voluntary. For children born prematurely, it consists of an information session lasting around 20 minutes when the baby is discharged from the neonatal care unit.
Daily Gestures to Prevent Viruses
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- Encourage family members to wash their hands regularly and to cough or sneeze on their elbows.
- Clean toys and surfaces as often as possible, including the highchair, play mat, door handles, etc.
- Avoid contact with people who have symptoms. If they are immediate family members, ask them to wear masks and wash their hands often.
- Breast-feed if possible. Breast milk is beneficial in preventing infections.
- During gatherings, keep your homes well-ventilated.
- If necessary, reduce contact outside the family network.